Mental Arithmetic 004 Prelude
Oct. 9th, 2010 01:47 amBefore moving to the next part, which will be very brief by comparison because we will be switfly moving on to something else, here are a few exercises I want you to try. All of these exercises use the same digit table below.
Table 1
With these digits, just go through each number in turn. Again, when an exercise calls for you to, say, add a carry of 1, or add 5 if the number is odd, don't just say something like "That's six, add 1, yields 7." Just see the 6 and say "Seven." If you see the 3, don't just say "Three plus five yields eight." See the 3 and say "8."
1. In Table 1 above, add a carried 1 to each digit in turn.
2. In Table 1 above, add a carried 2 to each digit in turn.
3. In Table 1 above, add 5 to the odd digits.
Now let's go on to the next set of exercises - essential methods to learn, because the following two form the basis of one of the most important Vedic mathematics methods, Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah - Nikhilam for short.
These exercises involve taking nines complements and tens complements of a digit.
A nines complement of a digit is the number you get when you subtract that digit from 9. The 9s complement of 6 is (9 - 6) = 3; the 9s complement of 4 is 5.
<table>
4. In Table 1 above, state the 9s complement of each digit.
Once again, don't just say "Nine minus 2 yields 7." See the 2 and say "7."
Lastly, for now, do the same but for the tens complement: rather than subtract the digit from nine as before, this time deduct the digit from ten. For the purpose of this exercise, consider the tens complement of zero also to be zero. Once again, practice skipping past the intermediate calculation stage and going straight to the end digit. See 2, say "Eight;" see 7, say "3," and so on.
4. In Table 1 above, state the 10s complement of each digit.
In the next part, you will get to grips with one of the first sutras of Vedic mathematics taught to newcomers: Nikhilam. A sutra - mathematical method - whose English translation reads
All From Nine, And The Last From Ten.
To find out what that means, tune in to the next lesson.
6 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
5 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
6 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 5 | 1 |
8 | 0 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 |
3 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 4 |
With these digits, just go through each number in turn. Again, when an exercise calls for you to, say, add a carry of 1, or add 5 if the number is odd, don't just say something like "That's six, add 1, yields 7." Just see the 6 and say "Seven." If you see the 3, don't just say "Three plus five yields eight." See the 3 and say "8."
1. In Table 1 above, add a carried 1 to each digit in turn.
2. In Table 1 above, add a carried 2 to each digit in turn.
3. In Table 1 above, add 5 to the odd digits.
Now let's go on to the next set of exercises - essential methods to learn, because the following two form the basis of one of the most important Vedic mathematics methods, Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah - Nikhilam for short.
These exercises involve taking nines complements and tens complements of a digit.
A nines complement of a digit is the number you get when you subtract that digit from 9. The 9s complement of 6 is (9 - 6) = 3; the 9s complement of 4 is 5.
Digit | Nines Complement |
---|---|
0 | 9 |
1 | 8 |
2 | 7 |
3 | 6 |
4 | 5 |
5 | 4 |
6 | 3 |
7 | 2 |
8 | 1 |
9 | 0 |
4. In Table 1 above, state the 9s complement of each digit.
Once again, don't just say "Nine minus 2 yields 7." See the 2 and say "7."
Lastly, for now, do the same but for the tens complement: rather than subtract the digit from nine as before, this time deduct the digit from ten. For the purpose of this exercise, consider the tens complement of zero also to be zero. Once again, practice skipping past the intermediate calculation stage and going straight to the end digit. See 2, say "Eight;" see 7, say "3," and so on.
Digit | Tens Complement |
---|---|
0 | 10 or 0 |
1 | 9 |
2 | 8 |
3 | 7 |
4 | 6 |
5 | 5 |
6 | 4 |
7 | 3 |
8 | 2 |
9 | 1 |
4. In Table 1 above, state the 10s complement of each digit.
In the next part, you will get to grips with one of the first sutras of Vedic mathematics taught to newcomers: Nikhilam. A sutra - mathematical method - whose English translation reads
To find out what that means, tune in to the next lesson.